:root {
            --primary-color: #071a40;
            /* Slightly darker Deep Blue */
            --secondary-color: #2a7daF;
            /* Slightly adjusted Teal for better harmony */
            --accent-color: #f0ad4e;
            /* Bootstrap 'warning' as a warm gold/amber */
            --light-bg: #F8F9FA;
            /* Standard light grey */
            --ultra-light-bg: #FFFFFF;
            /* Pure white for cards/contrast */
            --dark-text: #343a40;
            /* Standard dark grey */
            --light-text: #FDFDFD;
            /* Off-white for dark backgrounds */
            --serif-font: 'Merriweather', serif;
            --sans-serif-font: 'Lato', sans-serif;
            --border-radius-sm: 0.3rem;
            --border-radius-md: 0.5rem;
            --border-radius-lg: 0.8rem;
        }

        body {
            font-family: var(--sans-serif-font);
            color: var(--dark-text);
            line-height: 1.8;
            /* Increased for better readability */
            background-color: var(--light-bg);
        }

        h1,
        h2,
        h3,
        h4,
        h5,
        h6 {
            font-family: var(--serif-font);
            font-weight: 700;
            /* Default bold for headings */
            color: var(--primary-color);
        }

        h1 {
            font-weight: 900;
        }

        /* Extra bold for main titles */
        h2 {
            font-weight: 700;
        }

        h3 {
            font-weight: 700;
        }


        .section-padding {
            padding: 100px 0;
            /* Increased padding */
        }

        .section-title {
            margin-bottom: 70px;
            /* Increased margin */
            text-align: center;
        }

        .section-title h2 {
            font-size: 2.8rem;
            /* Slightly larger */
            position: relative;
            padding-bottom: 20px;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-weight: 900;
        }

        .section-title h2::after {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            bottom: 0;
            left: 50%;
            transform: translateX(-50%);
            width: 80px;
            /* Wider underline */
            height: 4px;
            /* Thicker underline */
            background-color: var(--accent-color);
            /* Using accent color */
            border-radius: 2px;
        }

        /* Navbar */
        .navbar {
            transition: background-color 0.4s ease-in-out, padding 0.4s ease-in-out, box-shadow 0.4s ease-in-out;
            font-family: var(--sans-serif-font);
            font-weight: 600;
            /* Bolder navbar links */
        }

        .navbar-brand {
            font-family: var(--serif-font);
            font-weight: 900;
            /* Bolder brand */
            font-size: 1.6rem;
            /* Slightly larger brand */
            color: var(--light-text);
        }

        .navbar.transparent {
            background-color: transparent !important;
        }

        .navbar.scrolled {
            background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95) !important;
            /* Slightly transparent white */
            backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
            /* Frosted glass effect */
            box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
            /* Softer shadow */
            padding-top: 12px;
            padding-bottom: 12px;
        }

        .navbar.scrolled .navbar-brand {
            color: var(--primary-color) !important;
        }

        .navbar.scrolled .nav-link {
            color: var(--dark-text) !important;
        }

        .navbar.scrolled .nav-link:hover,
        .navbar.scrolled .nav-link.active {
            color: var(--secondary-color) !important;
        }

        .navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link {
            color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
            padding: 0.6rem 1.1rem;
            /* Slightly more padding */
            transition: color 0.3s ease;
        }

        .navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover,
        .navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link.active {
            color: var(--accent-color);
            /* Use accent for hover/active on transparent nav */
        }

        .navbar-toggler {
            border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
            /* Lighter border */
        }

        .navbar-toggler-icon {
            background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba%28255, 255, 255, 0.9%29' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");
        }

        .navbar.scrolled .navbar-toggler-icon {
            background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba%28var(--primary-color-rgb), 0.7%29' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");
        }

        .navbar.scrolled .navbar-toggler {
            border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
        }


        /* Hero Section */
        #hero {
            min-height: 100vh;
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            /* Fallback */
            color: var(--light-text);
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            text-align: center;
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
            /* For Ken Burns */
        }

        #hero::before {
            /* Ken Burns effect layer */
            content: "";
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: 0;
            right: 0;
            bottom: 0;
            background: url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1579165466949-c924099519c0?ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D&auto=format&fit=crop&w=1920&q=80') no-repeat center center;
            background-size: cover;
            animation: kenburns 25s ease-out infinite;
            z-index: 1;
        }

        #hero::after {
            /* Overlay */
            content: "";
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: 0;
            right: 0;
            bottom: 0;
            background: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(10, 36, 99, 0.85), rgba(50, 100, 170, 0.7));
            z-index: 2;
        }

        #hero .container {
            position: relative;
            z-index: 3;
        }

        #hero h1 {
            font-size: 4rem;
            /* Larger H1 */
            font-weight: 900;
            margin-bottom: 25px;
            color: var(--light-text);
            text-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
            /* Text shadow for depth */
            animation: slideInUp 1.2s ease-out;
        }

        #hero p {
            font-size: 1.4rem;
            /* Larger sub-headline */
            margin-bottom: 40px;
            color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
            animation: slideInUp 1.2s ease-out 0.3s;
            animation-fill-mode: backwards;
        }

        .hero-btn {
            padding: 15px 35px;
            /* Larger button */
            font-size: 1.2rem;
            font-weight: 700;
            /* Bolder button text */
            border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            animation: slideInUp 1.2s ease-out 0.6s;
            animation-fill-mode: backwards;
            background-color: var(--accent-color);
            /* Solid accent button */
            border-color: var(--accent-color);
            color: var(--primary-color);
            /* Dark text on accent button */
        }

        .hero-btn:hover {
            background-color: #e99e2c;
            /* Darker accent on hover */
            border-color: #e99e2c;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            transform: translateY(-3px);
            box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
        }

        @keyframes kenburns {
            0% {
                transform: scale(1.05) translateX(-1%) translateY(1%);
            }

            50% {
                transform: scale(1.15) translateX(1%) translateY(-1%);
            }

            100% {
                transform: scale(1.05) translateX(-1%) translateY(1%);
            }
        }

        @keyframes slideInUp {
            from {
                transform: translateY(60px);
                opacity: 0;
            }

            to {
                transform: translateY(0);
                opacity: 1;
            }
        }

        /* About Section */
        #about {
            background-color: var(--ultra-light-bg);
            /* Brighter background */
        }

        #about img {
            border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
            /* Larger border radius */
            box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
            /* Softer, larger shadow */
        }

        #about .content h3 {
            font-weight: 700;
            font-size: 2.2rem;
            color: var(--primary-color);
            margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
        }

        #about .content p {
            color: #505050;
            /* Slightly darker text */
            font-size: 1.15rem;
            /* Larger paragraph text */
        }

        .qualification {
            font-style: normal;
            /* Less emphasis, more integrated */
            color: var(--secondary-color);
            font-weight: 700;
            /* Bolder qualification */
            display: block;
            margin-bottom: 1rem;
            font-size: 1.1rem;
        }

        #about .btn-primary {
            background-color: var(--secondary-color);
            border-color: var(--secondary-color);
            padding: 10px 25px;
            font-weight: 600;
        }

        #about .btn-primary:hover {
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            border-color: var(--primary-color);
        }


        /* Research Highlights Section */
        #research {
            background-color: var(--light-bg);
            /* Alternating background */
        }

        .research-card {
            border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
            /* Subtle border */
            border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
            box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
            transition: transform 0.35s ease, box-shadow 0.35s ease, border-color 0.35s ease;
            background-color: var(--ultra-light-bg);
            overflow: hidden;
            /* For image zoom effect */
        }

        .research-card:hover {
            transform: translateY(-12px);
            /* More lift */
            box-shadow: 0 18px 45px rgba(42, 125, 175, 0.2);
            /* Colored shadow on hover */
            border-color: var(--secondary-color);
        }

        .research-card .card-img-top-wrapper {
            overflow: hidden;
            border-top-left-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
            border-top-right-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
        }

        .research-card .card-img-top {
            border-top-left-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
            border-top-right-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
            height: 220px;
            /* Taller image */
            object-fit: cover;
            transition: transform 0.5s ease;
        }

        .research-card:hover .card-img-top {
            transform: scale(1.1);
            /* Zoom image on hover */
        }

        .research-card .card-body {
            padding: 30px;
            /* More padding */
        }

        .research-card .card-title {
            font-size: 1.5rem;
            margin-bottom: 12px;
            color: var(--primary-color);
        }

        .research-card .card-text {
            color: #555;
            font-size: 1rem;
        }

        .research-card .btn-link {
            color: var(--secondary-color);
            text-decoration: none;
            font-weight: 700;
            /* Bolder link */
            font-size: 1rem;
        }

        .research-card .btn-link i {
            transition: transform 0.3s ease;
        }

        .research-card:hover .btn-link i {
            transform: translateX(5px);
        }

        /* Publications Section */
        #publications {
            background-color: var(--ultra-light-bg);
            /* Alternating background */
        }

        .publication-item {
            background-color: var(--ultra-light-bg);
            padding: 30px;
            /* More padding */
            border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
            box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);
            margin-bottom: 25px;
            transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
            border: 1px solid transparent;
        }

        .publication-item:hover {
            box-shadow: 0 12px 30px rgba(10, 36, 99, 0.12);
            /* Primary color shadow */
            transform: translateY(-5px);
            border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-color);
            /* Accent border on hover */
        }

        .publication-item h5 {
            font-size: 1.4rem;
            /* Larger title */
            margin-bottom: 10px;
            color: var(--primary-color);
        }

        .publication-item p {
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            color: #666;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }

        .publication-item .btn {
            font-size: 0.9rem;
            margin-right: 10px;
            font-weight: 600;
            padding: 8px 18px;
            border-radius: var(--border-radius-sm);
        }

        .btn-outline-primary {
            /* Customizing outline buttons */
            color: var(--primary-color);
            border-color: var(--primary-color);
        }

        .btn-outline-primary:hover {
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            color: var(--light-text);
        }

        .btn-outline-secondary {
            color: var(--secondary-color);
            border-color: var(--secondary-color);
        }

        .btn-outline-secondary:hover {
            background-color: var(--secondary-color);
            color: var(--light-text);
        }

        #publications .btn-lg.btn-primary {
            /* "View All" button */
            background-color: var(--accent-color);
            border-color: var(--accent-color);
            color: var(--primary-color);
            font-weight: 700;
        }

        #publications .btn-lg.btn-primary:hover {
            background-color: #e99e2c;
            border-color: #e99e2c;
        }


        /* Resources Section */
        #resources {
            background: linear-gradient(rgba(248, 249, 250, 0.9), rgba(248, 249, 250, 0.9)), url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1519389950473-47ba0277781c?ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D&auto=format&fit=crop&w=1740&q=80') center center/cover;
            background-attachment: fixed;
            /* Parallax like effect */
        }

        .resource-item {
            text-align: center;
            padding: 30px 20px;
            /* More padding */
            background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
            /* Semi-transparent white */
            backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
            /* Glassmorphism touch */
            border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
            box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
            transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease, background-color 0.3s ease;
            border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
        }

        .resource-item:hover {
            transform: translateY(-8px);
            /* More lift */
            box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(62, 146, 204, 0.2);
            /* Secondary color shadow */
            background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
        }

        .resource-item i {
            font-size: 3rem;
            /* Larger icons */
            color: var(--secondary-color);
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            display: block;
            transition: color 0.3s ease;
        }

        .resource-item:hover i {
            color: var(--accent-color);
            /* Change icon color on hover */
        }

        .resource-item h5 {
            font-size: 1.3rem;
            /* Larger title */
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            color: var(--primary-color);
        }

        .resource-item a {
            text-decoration: none;
            color: var(--dark-text);
        }

        .resource-item a:hover h5 {
            color: var(--secondary-color);
        }


        /* Contact Section */
        #contact {
            background-color: var(--ultra-light-bg);
        }

        .contact-form .form-control {
            border-radius: var(--border-radius-sm);
            padding: 15px;
            /* More padding */
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            /* More margin */
            border: 1px solid #ced4da;
            transition: border-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
        }

        .contact-form .form-control:focus {
            border-color: var(--secondary-color);
            box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.25rem rgba(62, 146, 204, 0.2);
            /* Softer focus glow */
        }

        .contact-info h4 {
            font-size: 1.8rem;
            /* Larger title */
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }

        .contact-info p {
            margin-bottom: 15px;
            font-size: 1.1rem;
            /* Larger text */
            color: #555;
        }

        .contact-info i {
            color: var(--secondary-color);
            margin-right: 12px;
            width: 22px;
            /* Align icons */
            font-size: 1.2rem;
        }

        .map-placeholder {
            width: 100%;
            height: 350px;
            /* Taller map */
            background-color: #e0e0e0;
            /* Darker placeholder */
            border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            color: #555;
            font-style: italic;
            font-size: 1.1rem;
        }

        #contact .btn-primary {
            background-color: var(--accent-color);
            border-color: var(--accent-color);
            color: var(--primary-color);
            padding: 12px 30px;
            font-weight: 700;
        }

        #contact .btn-primary:hover {
            background-color: #e99e2c;
            border-color: #e99e2c;
        }


        /* Footer */
        footer {
            background-color: var(--primary-color);
            color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
            /* Slightly less transparent */
            padding: 50px 0 30px;
            /* More padding */
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            /* Slightly larger font */
        }

        footer a {
            color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: color 0.3s ease;
        }

        footer a:hover {
            color: var(--accent-color);
            /* Accent color for hover */
        }

        .social-icons a {
            font-size: 1.5rem;
            /* Larger icons */
            margin: 0 12px;
            /* More spacing */
            color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
        }

        .social-icons a:hover {
            color: var(--light-text);
            /* Brighter on hover */
        }

        footer .fa-heart {
            color: var(--accent-color);
            /* Use accent for heart */
        }

        .back-to-top {
            position: fixed;
            bottom: 30px;
            right: 30px;
            display: none;
            background-color: var(--secondary-color);
            color: white;
            width: 44px;
            /* Slightly larger */
            height: 44px;
            text-align: center;
            line-height: 44px;
            /* Adjust line height */
            border-radius: var(--border-radius-sm);
            /* Consistent border radius */
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            z-index: 1000;
            box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
        }

        .back-to-top:hover {
            background-color: var(--accent-color);
            color: var(--primary-color);
            transform: translateY(-3px);
        }

        /* Responsive Adjustments */
        @media (max-width: 991.98px) {
            #hero h1 {
                font-size: 3rem;
            }

            #hero p {
                font-size: 1.2rem;
            }

            .navbar-nav {
                background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.98);
                /* Solid background for collapsed menu */
                backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
                border-radius: var(--border-radius-sm);
                padding: 15px;
                margin-top: 10px;
                box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
            }

            .navbar.scrolled .navbar-nav .nav-link,
            .navbar-nav .nav-link {
                color: var(--dark-text) !important;
                /* Dark links on light bg */
                padding: 0.7rem 1rem;
            }

            .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover,
            .navbar-nav .nav-link.active {
                color: var(--secondary-color) !important;
            }
        }

        @media (max-width: 767.98px) {
            .section-padding {
                padding: 70px 0;
            }

            #hero h1 {
                font-size: 2.5rem;
            }

            #hero p {
                font-size: 1.1rem;
            }

            .section-title h2 {
                font-size: 2.2rem;
            }

            #about .text-center {
                margin-top: 30px;
            }

            .contact-info {
                margin-top: 30px;
            }
        }